Recipe 2.20 Verifying a Trust
2.20.1 Problem
You want to verify that
a
trust is working correctly. This is the first diagnostics step to
take if users notify you that authentication to a remote domain
appears to be failing.
2.20.2 Solution
2.20.2.1 Using a graphical user interface
For the Windows 2000 version
of the Active Directory Domains and Trusts snap-in:
In the left pane, right-click on the trusting domain and select
Properties. Click the Trusts tab. Click the domain that is associated with the trust you want to verify. Click the Edit button. Click the Verify button.
For the Windows Server 2003 version of the Active Directory Domains
and Trusts snap-in:
In the left pane, right-click on the trusting domain and select
Properties. Click the Trusts tab. Click the domain that is associated with the trust you want to verify. Click the Properties button. Click the Validate button.
2.20.2.2 Using a command-line interface
> netdom trust <TrustingDomain> /Domain:<TrustedDomain> /Verify /verbose[RETURN]
[/UserO:<TrustingDomainUser> /PasswordO:*][RETURN]
[/UserD:<TrustedDomainUser> /PasswordD:*]
2.20.2.3 Using VBScript
' The following code lists all of the trusts for the
' specified domain using the Trustmon WMI Provider.
' The Trustmon WMI Provider is only supported on Windows Server 2003.
' ------ SCRIPT CONFIGURATION ------
strDomain = "<DomainDNSName>" ' e.g. amer.rallencorp.com
' ------ END CONFIGURATION ---------
set objWMI = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strDomain & _
"\root\MicrosoftActiveDirectory")
set objTrusts = objWMI.ExecQuery("Select * from Microsoft_DomainTrustStatus")
for each objTrust in objTrusts
Wscript.Echo objTrust.TrustedDomain
Wscript.Echo " TrustedAttributes: " & objTrust.TrustAttributes
Wscript.Echo " TrustedDCName: " & objTrust.TrustedDCName
Wscript.Echo " TrustedDirection: " & objTrust.TrustDirection
Wscript.Echo " TrustIsOk: " & objTrust.TrustIsOK
Wscript.Echo " TrustStatus: " & objTrust.TrustStatus
Wscript.Echo " TrustStatusString: " & objTrust.TrustStatusString
Wscript.Echo " TrustType: " & objTrust.TrustType
Wscript.Echo ""
next
' This code shows how to search specifically for trusts
' that have failed, which can be accomplished using a WQL query that
' contains the query: TrustIsOk = False
' ------ SCRIPT CONFIGURATION ------
strDomain = "<DomainDNSName>" ' e.g. amer.rallencorp.com
' ------ END CONFIGURATION ---------
set objWMI = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strDomain & _
"\root\MicrosoftActiveDirectory")
set objTrusts = objWMI.ExecQuery("select * " _
& " from Microsoft_DomainTrustStatus " _
& " where TrustIsOk = False ")
if objTrusts.Count = 0 then
Wscript.Echo "There are no trust failures"
else
WScript.Echo "Trust Failures:"
for each objTrust in objTrusts
Wscript.Echo " " & objTrust.TrustedDomain & " : " & _
objTrust.TrustStatusString
Wscript.Echo ""
next
end if
2.20.3 Discussion
Verifying a trust consists of checking connectivity between the
domains, and determining if the shared secrets of a trust are
synchronized between the two domains.
2.20.3.1 Using a graphical user interface
The Active Directory Domains and Trusts screens have changed somewhat
between Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003. The Verify button has
been renamed Validate.
2.20.3.2 Using a command-line interface
If you want to verify a Kerberos trust, use the
/Kerberos switch with the
netdom command.
2.20.3.3 Using VBScript
The WMI Trustmon Provider is new to Windows Server 2003. It provides
a nice interface for querying and checking the health of trusts. One
of the benefits of using WMI to access this kind of data is that you
can use WQL, the WMI Query Language, to perform complex queries to
find trusts that have certain properties. WQL is a subset of the
Structured Query Language (SQL) commonly used to query databases. In
the second VBScript example, I used WQL to find all trusts that have
a problem. You could expand the query to include additional
criteria, such as trust direction, and trust type.
2.20.4 See Also
MSDN: Trustmon Provider
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