CODE EXAMPLE FOR SQL

how to select all fieldsin a soql query

Id rId = 'SomeValidSFDCId';
 
DescribeSObjectResult describeResult = rId.getSObjectType().getDescribe();      
Map<String, Schema.SObjectField> fieldMap = describeResult.fields.getMap();
  
// Get all of the fields on the object
Set<String> fieldNames = fieldMap.keySet();
 
// Build a Dynamic Query String.
String soqlQuery = ' SELECT ' + string.join (fieldName, ',') + ' FROM ' + describeResult.getName() + ' Where Id =: rId';
 
// Need to return a generic list of sObject because we don't necessarily know exactly what the object is.
List<sObject> record = Database.query(soqlQuery);