HTML

razor view partial view

<!-- syntax of using partial view in razor view engine -->
@Html.Partial("<!-- Write your html file name here. Which will use as partial view -->")

mvc view vs partial view

I think the biggest difference is about the use of the _Layout page:

PartialView(): the razor engine will get the view (e.g. index.cshtml) without any layout page (_layout.cshtml).
View(): the engine will get your view (e.g. index.cshtml) and then appends the content of this view inside the layout page (_layout.cshtml)