PHP

eloquent where in

$users = DB::table('users')->whereIn('id', array(1, 2, 3))->get()

Laravel Eloquent Query Using WHERE with OR AND OR?

Make use of Logical Grouping (Laravel 7.x/4.2). For your example, it'd be something like this:

Model::where(function ($query) {
    $query->where('a', '=', 1)
          ->orWhere('b', '=', 1);
})->where(function ($query) {
    $query->where('c', '=', 1)
          ->orWhere('d', '=', 1);
});