import csv
header = ['name', 'area', 'country_code2', 'country_code3']
data = ['Afghanistan', 652090, 'AF', 'AFG']
with open('countries.csv', 'w', encoding='UTF8') as f:
writer = csv.writer(f)
# write the header
writer.writerow(header)
# write the data
writer.writerow(data)