// Bitwise IndexOf Shorthand in javascript
// Longhand:
if(arr.indexOf(item) > -1) {
// Confirm item IS found
}
if(arr.indexOf(item) === -1) {
// Confirm item IS NOT found
}
// Shorthand:
if(~arr.indexOf(item)) {
// Confirm item IS found
}
if(!~arr.indexOf(item)) {
// Confirm item IS NOT found
}
// we can also use the includes() function:
if(arr.includes(item)) {
// Returns true if the item exists, false if it doesn't
}