PHP

laravel model where

$post = Post::where('id', $id);

$users = DB::table('users')->whereIn('id', array(1, 2, 3))->get();

laravel model::query

// Eloquent's Model::query() returns the query builder

Model::where()->get();
// Is the same as 
Model::query()->where()->get();

Model::query();
// Can be useful to add query conditions based on certain requirements

// See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51517203/what-is-the-meaning-of-eloquents-modelquery