Apache Cookbook



•	Table of Contents
•	Index
•	Reviews
•	Reader Reviews
•	Errata

Apache Cookbook
By Rich Bowen, Ken Coar

Publisher	: O'Reilly
Pub Date	: November 2003
ISBN	: 0-596-00191-6
Pages	: 254

How This Book Is Organized

Conventions Used in This Book

We'd Like to Hear from You

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1. Installation

Recipe 1.1. Installing from Red Hat Linux's Packages

Recipe 1.2. Installing Apache on Windows

Recipe 1.3. Downloading the Apache Sources

Recipe 1.4. Building Apache from the Sources

Recipe 1.5. Installing with ApacheToolbox

Recipe 1.6. Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Apache

Recipe 1.7. Uninstalling Apache

Chapter 2. Adding Common Modules

Recipe 2.1. Installing a Generic Third-Party Module

Recipe 2.2. Installing mod_dav on a Unixish System

Recipe 2.3. Installing mod_dav on Windows

Recipe 2.4. Installing mod_perl on a Unixish System

Recipe 2.5. Installing mod_php on a Unixish System

Recipe 2.6. Installing mod_php on Windows

Recipe 2.7. Installing the mod_snake Python Module

Recipe 2.8. Installing mod_ssl

Chapter 3. Logging

Recipe 3.1. Getting More Details in Your Log Entries

Recipe 3.2. Getting More Detailed Errors

Recipe 3.3. Logging POST Contents

Recipe 3.4. Logging a Proxied Client's IP Address

Recipe 3.5. Logging Client MAC Addresses

Recipe 3.6. Logging Cookies

Recipe 3.7. Not Logging Image Requests from Local Pages

Recipe 3.8. Logging Requests by Day or Hour

Recipe 3.9. Rotating Logs on the First of the Month

Recipe 3.10. Logging Hostnames Instead of IP Addresses

Recipe 3.11. Maintaining Separate Logs for Each Virtual Host

Recipe 3.12. Logging Proxy Requests

Recipe 3.13. Logging Errors for Virtual Hosts to Multiple Files

Recipe 3.14. Logging Server IP Addresses

Recipe 3.15. Logging the Referring Page

Recipe 3.16. Logging the Name of the Browser Software

Recipe 3.17. Logging Arbitrary Request Header Fields

Recipe 3.18. Logging Arbitrary Response Header Fields

Recipe 3.19. Logging Activity to a MySQL Database

Recipe 3.20. Logging to syslog

Recipe 3.21. Logging User Directories

Chapter 4. Virtual Hosts

Recipe 4.1. Setting Up Name-Based Virtual Hosts

Recipe 4.2. Designating One Name-Based Virtual Host as the Default

Recipe 4.3. Setting Up Address-Based Virtual Hosts

Recipe 4.4. Creating a Default Address-Based Virtual Host

Recipe 4.5. Mixing Address-Based and Name-Based Virtual Hosts

Recipe 4.6. Mass Virtual Hosting with mod_vhost_alias

Recipe 4.7. Mass Virtual Hosting Using Rewrite Rules

Recipe 4.8. SSL and Name-Based Virtual Hosts

Recipe 4.9. Logging for Each Virtual Host

Recipe 4.10. Splitting Up a LogFile

Recipe 4.11. Port-Based Virtual Hosts

Recipe 4.12. Displaying the Same Content on Several Addresses

Chapter 5. Aliases, Redirecting, and Rewriting

Recipe 5.1. Showing Highlighted PHP Source Without Symlinking

Recipe 5.2. Mapping a URL to a Directory

Recipe 5.3. Creating a New URL for Existing Content

Recipe 5.4. Giving Users Their Own URL

Recipe 5.5. Aliasing Several URLs with a Single Directive

Recipe 5.6. Mapping Several URLs to the Same CGI Directory

Recipe 5.7. Creating a CGI Directory for Each User

Recipe 5.8. Redirecting to Another Location

Recipe 5.9. Redirecting Several URLs to the Same Destination

Recipe 5.10. Permitting Case-Insensitive URLs

Recipe 5.11. Replacing Text in Requested URLs

Recipe 5.12. Rewriting Path Information to CGI Arguments

Recipe 5.13. Denying Access to Unreferred Requests

Recipe 5.14. Rewriting Based on the Query String

Recipe 5.15. Redirecting All—or Part—of Your Server to SSL

Recipe 5.16. Turning Directories into Hostnames

Recipe 5.17. Redirecting All Requests to a Single Host

Recipe 5.18. Turning Document Names into Arguments

Chapter 6. Security

Recipe 6.1. Using System Account Information for Web Authentication

Recipe 6.2. Setting Up Single-Use Passwords

Recipe 6.3. Expiring Passwords

Recipe 6.4. Limiting Upload Size

Recipe 6.5. Restricting Images from Being Used Off-Site

Recipe 6.6. Requiring Both Weak and Strong Authentication

Recipe 6.7. Managing .htpasswd Files

Recipe 6.8. Making Password Files for Digest Authentication

Recipe 6.9. Relaxing Security in a Subdirectory

Recipe 6.10. Lifting Restrictions Selectively

Recipe 6.11. Authorizing Using File Ownership

Recipe 6.12. Storing User Credentials in a MySQL Database

Recipe 6.13. Accessing the Authenticated Username

Recipe 6.14. Obtaining the Password Used to Authenticate

Recipe 6.15. Preventing Brute-Force Password Attacks

Recipe 6.16. Using Digest Versus Basic Authentication

Recipe 6.17. Accessing Credentials Embedded in URLs

Recipe 6.18. Securing WebDAV

Recipe 6.19. Enabling WebDAV Without Making Files Writable by the Web User

Recipe 6.20. Restricting Proxy Access to Certain URLs

Recipe 6.21. Protecting Files with a Wrapper

Recipe 6.22. Protecting All Files Except a Subset

Recipe 6.23. Protecting Server Files from Malicious Scripts

Recipe 6.24. Setting Correct File Permissions

Recipe 6.25. Running a Minimal Module Set

Recipe 6.26. Restricting Access to Files Outside Your Web Root

Recipe 6.27. Limiting Methods by User

Recipe 6.28. Restricting Range Requests

Chapter 7. SSL

Recipe 7.1. Installing SSL

Recipe 7.2. Generating SSL Certificates

Recipe 7.3. Generating a Trusted CA

Recipe 7.4. Serving a Portion of Your Site via SSL

Recipe 7.5. Authenticating with Client Certificates

Chapter 8. Dynamic Content

Recipe 8.1. Enabling a CGI Directory

Recipe 8.2. Enabling CGI Scripts in Non-ScriptAliased Directories

Recipe 8.3. Using Windows File Extensionsto Launch CGI Programs

Recipe 8.4. Using Extensions to Identify CGI Scripts

Recipe 8.5. Testing That CGI Is Set Up Correctly

Recipe 8.6. Reading Form Parameters

Recipe 8.7. Invoking a CGI Program for Certain Content Types

Recipe 8.8. Getting SSIs to Work

Recipe 8.9. Displaying Last Modified Date

Recipe 8.10. Including a Standard Header

Recipe 8.11. Including the Output of a CGI Program

Recipe 8.12. Running CGI Scripts as a Different User with suexec

Recipe 8.13. Installing a mod_perl Handler from CPAN

Recipe 8.14. Writing a mod_perl Handler

Recipe 8.15. Enabling PHP Script Handling

Recipe 8.16. Verifying PHP Installation

Chapter 9. Error Handling

Recipe 9.1. Handling a Missing Host Field

Recipe 9.2. Changing the Response Status for CGI Scripts

Recipe 9.3. Customized Error Messages

Recipe 9.4. Providing Error Documents in Multiple Languages

Recipe 9.5. Redirecting Invalid URLs to Some Other Page

Recipe 9.6. Making Internet Explorer Display Your Error Page

Recipe 9.7. Notification on Error Conditions

Chapter 10. Proxies

Recipe 10.1. Securing Your Proxy Server

Recipe 10.2. Preventing Your Proxy Server from Being Used as an Open Mail Relay

Recipe 10.3. Forwarding Requests to Another Server

Recipe 10.4. Blocking Proxied Requests to Certain Places

Recipe 10.5. Proxying mod_perl Content to Another Server

Recipe 10.6. Configuring a Caching Proxy Server

Recipe 10.7. Filtering Proxied Content

Recipe 10.8. Requiring Authentication for a Proxied Server

Chapter 11. Performance

Recipe 11.1. Determining How Much Memory You Need

Recipe 11.2. Benchmarking Apache with ab

Recipe 11.3. Tuning Keepalive Settings

Recipe 11.4. Getting a Snapshot of Your Site's Activity

Recipe 11.5. Avoiding DNS Lookups

Recipe 11.6. Optimizing Symbolic Links

Recipe 11.7. Minimizing the Performance Impact of .htaccess Files

Recipe 11.8. Disabling Content Negotiation

Recipe 11.9. Optimizing Process Creation

Recipe 11.10. Tuning Thread Creation

Recipe 11.11. Caching Frequently Viewed Files

Recipe 11.12. Sharing Load Between Servers Using mod_proxy

Recipe 11.13. Distributing Load Evenly Between Several Servers

Recipe 11.14. Caching Directory Listings

Recipe 11.15. Speeding Up Perl CGI Programs with mod_perl

Chapter 12. Miscellaneous Topics

Recipe 12.1. Placing Directives Properly

Recipe 12.2. Renaming .htaccess Files

Recipe 12.3. Generating Directory/Folder Listings

Recipe 12.4. Solving the "Trailing Slash" Problem

Recipe 12.5. Setting the Content-Type According to Browser Capability

Recipe 12.6. Handling Missing Host: Header Fields

Recipe 12.7. Alternate Default Document

Recipe 12.8. Setting Up a Default "Favicon"

Appendix A. Using Regular Expressions in Apache

Section A.1. What Directives Use Regular Expressions?

Appendix B. Troubleshooting

Section B.1. Troubleshooting Methodology

Section B.2. Debugging the Configuration

Section B.3. Debugging Premature End of Script Headers

Section B.4. Common Problems on Windows

Section B.5. Fixing Build-Time Error Messages

Section B.6. Getting Server-Side Includes to Work

Section B.7. Debugging Rewrites That Result in "Not Found" Errors

Section B.8. .htaccess Files Having No Effect

Section B.9. Address Already in Use

Colophon

Index

[ Team LiB ]