to button

suppurating; festering; forming pus

to refine oil

to become; change to; turn into

to reverse; make a reversal; turn over a new leaf

[is] reversed front to back

tough; strong

late at night, in the dead hour of the night, in the middle of the night, deep into the night

to mutate

roller

to roll about; to wallow

roll over

group; amount; mass; cluster

unofficial power brokers

[Western Thai dialect] basket

[of สุรินทร์  (Surin Province)] a traditional sacred village rite depicting the locals' way of life along with an act of "Pa-Gam Ghost Worshipping"—part of Surin's famous annual Elephant Round-up Festival

[of สุรินทร์  (Surin Province)] a mahout or elephant-driver who is very masterful with the arduous routine of training and taming wild elephants

Canton (now known as Guangzhou), a city and province in China; Cantonese

[ก๋วยเตี๋ยวกวางตุ้ง] Cantonese noodles

[ผักกวางตุ้ง] pak choy; bok choy; Chinese cabbage; the leafy green vegetable Brassica rapa, chinensis group

a farmer; agriculturist; livestock farmer; peasant

water dipper; water bowl (Northern Thai dialect)

“Replacement Funds” — “Substitute Funds” — “Compensation Funds”

[Thai transcription of foreign loanword] gauze

[ผ้าก๊อซ] gauze

[Thai transcription of the foreign loanword] gorilla

[colloquial slang] a large ugly or brutal man

transvestite; male-to-female transsexual; gay; ladyboy [see notes]

hermaphrodite

fruit with undeveloped seeds

whisperingly; occupied with endless whispers in love; tete-a-tete

section, piece, part, chapter

[numerical classifier for section, piece, part, chapter]

to cordon off

coffee pot

a cross

[นกกางเขน] the magpie robin

coffee

[การกระทบกระทั่ง] conflict; opposition; disagreement; dispute

[การขับขี่] [the activity of] driving (a vehicle)

[การควบคุมคุณภาพ] quality control

holistic watershed management